Journal Content Recommendation
01
A Comprehensive Evaluation of the HPV Neutralizing Antibodies in Guangzhou, China: A Comparative Study on Various HPV Vaccines
This article was published by Vaccines. This study addresses the research gaps in understanding humoral immune responses generated by different HPV vaccine formulations in regional populations in China. The study evaluated the immunogenicity of the newly developed HPV vaccine, alongside various imported HPV vaccines, including bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent options available in China.
A total of 352 participants were enrolled in this study. Including 87 females aged 9–14 who received two doses of the bivalent HPV vaccine (Cecolin). Follow-up was conducted at 6 timepoints across 2 stages before and after vaccinations (Stage 1, Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28, and Stage 2, Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28, with a 6-month interval between Stage 1 and Stage 2). 265 female volunteers aged 15–45 years who were fully vaccinated with HPV vaccines were recruited as well. Serum was collected at enrollment and at every follow-up visit for antibody assessments by PBNA.
The study evaluated 489 serum samples, including 50 from the control group (unvaccinated against HPV), 238 from individuals vaccinated with Cecolin (224 samples from the 87 girls and 14 samples from adults), 21 from Cervarix, 17 from Gardasil 4, and 163 from Gardasil 9. The time interval between receiving the final dose of the HPV vaccine and the start of the study was ranked as follows: Cecolin 2 < Gardasil 9 < Cervarix 2 < Gardasil 4.
The results showed that in the group of girls aged 9-14 vaccinated with Cecolin, the seroconversion rate for neutralizing antibodies against HPV16/18 reached 100% after the second dose. This group also exhibited seroconversion rates of 15.4% for HPV31 and 32.7% for HPV33. Additionally, the study formed a subgroup combining samples from 15-45-year-old women vaccinated with three doses of Cecolin and 9-14-year-old girls to assess the overall immunogenicity. The results indicated that antibody titers for HPV16/18/6/11 remained at consistently high levels. In all vaccination groups, except the Gardasil 4 group, the seroconversion rates for HPV16/18 were nearly 100%. The seroconversion rates for HPV16/18 with Cecolin were significantly higher than those in the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccine groups (p<0.001).
The research team concluded that the Chinese domestic HPV vaccine, Cecolin, exhibits strong immunogenicity and holds promise for large-scale vaccination of women in developing countries to prevent cervical cancer.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12111286
02
Advancing High-Quality Development of China’s Immunization Program
This article reviews the 45-year development journey of China’s immunization program, summarizing its remarkable achievements and effective practices in policies and system development, the control of vaccine-preventable diseases, and the benefits for the public health and economic growth. It also provides recommendations for future development.
Since the nationwide implementation of the expanded immunization program (EPI) in 1978, China has gradually established and improved its vaccination service system. The program now includes 14 vaccines to prevent 15 infectious diseases, significantly reducing the incidence of diseases such as hepatitis B, measles, and meningococcal meningitis, and achieving the goal of polio elimination. The implementation of the child immunization program has greatly reduced the incidence and mortality of diseases targeted by the program among infants and children under five, leading to an increase in life expectancy. Moreover, the economic and social benefits of immunization programs are particularly prominent. Studies have shown that 92.57% of pertussis cases and 97.43% of related deaths were reduced through vaccination in China from 1978-2017.The direct return on investment for the pertussis vaccination program alone was 21.67:1.
China’s successful experiences in immunization planning are mainly reflected in four aspects: legal framework, service system development, digitalization, and multi-sector collaboration. The continuous improvement of legitimation and regulations, such as the Vaccine Administration Law and the Law on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, has provided a solid legal foundation for the immunization program. A robust cold chain system and a nationwide network of vaccination units ensure the safe and efficient delivery of vaccines. Digitalization efforts, particularly the implementation of a comprehensive electronic vaccine traceability system, play a key role in enhancing the precision and quality of vaccine management. Multi-sector collaboration mechanisms ensure coordinated implementation of various tasks, improving the overall management level of the immunization program. These measures complement each other, driving high-quality development of the immunization program and safeguarding public health.
However, the program still faces numerous challenges. There is a need to further improve institutional frameworks, enhance vaccination service capabilities, advance the digitalization of immunization programs, and strengthen monitoring, evaluation, and research efforts. Looking ahead, the goal of the immunization program is to achieve long-term high vaccination coverage among eligible children while progressively providing life-cycle immunization services for the entire population. Efforts will focus on enhancing service accessibility and equity, innovating service models, and better preventing vaccine-preventable diseases. These efforts aim to protect public health and safety, contribute to the realization of the “Healthy China” strategy, and propel China’s disease prevention and control efforts toward high-quality development.
https://doi.org/10.19914/j.CJVI.2024082
03
Impact of Multicohort Human Papillomavirus Vaccination on Cervical Cancer in Women Below 30 Years of Age: Lessons Learned From the Scandinavian Countries
This article has been accepted by The Journal of Infectious Diseases. Denmark and Norway launched HPV vaccination programs for 12-year-old girls in 2009, while Sweden began offering school-based vaccinations for girls aged 10-12 in 2012. Additionally, Denmark and Sweden implemented catch-up vaccination programs for multiple age groupssimultaneously, whereas Norway’s catch-up program was initiated in 2016.
This study aims to evaluate the impact of different HPV vaccination strategies on cervical cancer incidence, with a focus on comparing the effectiveness of multi-age cohort vaccination versus single-age cohort vaccination strategies among women aged 25-29. This age group is the earliest to exhibit the effects of HPV vaccination and is also a high-incidence group for cervical cancer. The study collected cervical cancer incidence data from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark between 2000 and 2022 (with 2022 data sourced from national cancer registries) and utilized Joinpoint Regression analysis to assess trends in incidence rates, calculating the Annual Percentage Change (APC) for each period.
The analysis revealed a turning point in cervical cancer incidence rates in all three countries, transitioning from an increase to a decline. In Sweden, incidence rates began to significantly decrease in 2017 (APC = -10%), while Denmark experienced a steeper decline starting in 2018 (APC = -33%). In contrast, the incidence rate among young women in Norway did not start decreasing until 2021. Although the decline was substantial (APC = -26%), it did not reach statistical significance. These differences are closely associated with the coverage of multi-age cohort vaccination strategies: early multi-age cohort coverage in Denmark was 78%-85%, compared to only 2%-24% in Sweden, while Norway’s later implementation of a catch-up program delayed the impact.
The findings suggest that multi-age cohort HPV vaccination strategies demonstrate a faster reduction in cervical cancer incidence compared to single-age cohort strategies. This provides critical insights for countries that have not yet implemented national HPV immunization programs. Expanding vaccine coverage, particularly targeting multiple cohorts below the typical age of sexual debut, could effectively accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiae584
04
Influences of HPV disease perceptions, vaccine accessibility, and information exposure on social media on HPV vaccination uptake among 11,678 mothers with daughters aged 9–17 years in China: a cross-sectional study
This article was published by BMC Medicine, and aims to examine the HPV vaccination uptake and its determinants among 11,678 mothers of 9-17-year-old girls in Shenzhen, China at both the individual and interpersonal levels.
41.1% of mothers self-reported receiving at least one dose of HPV vaccination, while 43.3% refused their daughters’ HPV vaccine uptake. At the individual level, mothers with higher education, higher income, and a history of HPV infection or related diseases were more likely to be vaccinated against HPV; at the interpersonal level, exposure to others’ recommendations for HPV vaccination through social media and careful consideration of the veracity of information about the HPV vaccine were also associated with higher rates of vaccination.
In addition, daughters of participants who refused HPV vaccination had lower vaccine uptake rate (AOR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.76, 0.89) . From the individual level perspective, perceived more difficulties in accessing the 9-valent vaccines (AOR: 1.06, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.08) and more satisfaction with vaccine-related promotional materials (AOR: 1.50, 95%CI: 1.46, 1.54) were associated with higher vaccine uptake. From the interpersonal factors perspective, higher frequency of exposure to testimonials given by others about HPV vaccination on social media (AOR: 1.19, 95%CI: 1.14, 1.25) and thoughtful consideration of the veracity of the information (AOR: 1.11, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.16) were correlated with higher HPV vaccination uptake.
The conclusion suggests that strategies such as improving health education materials, addressing barriers to accessing the nonavalent vaccine, and leveraging social media for promotion should be implemented to enhance mothers’ acceptance of the HPV vaccine, thereby increasing vaccination rates among mothers and daughters.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-024-03538-1
05
Characteristics and factors of repeated influenza vaccination among elderly individuals in Shanghai, China from 2020 to 2022
This article was published by Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, and aims to examine the characteristics and influencing factors of repeated influenza vaccination among the elderly population in Shanghai from 2020 to 2022. Due to variations in the influenza virus and waning protective antibodies, annual influenza vaccination is recommended.
This study utilized convenience sampling to choose Xuhui District in Shanghai as the study location. Data on influenza vaccination and adverse reactions were collected from individuals aged 60 and above. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors influencing vaccination rates. The results showed that the average influenza vaccination rate among the registered elderly population in Shanghai was 4.1% from 2020 to 2022, with a decreasing trend year by year. However, the rate of repeated vaccination increased from 28.35% in 2020 to 63.53% in 2021 and 64.38% in 2022. Factors promoting repeated vaccination included management through community health centers, having Shanghai residency, and age (70 years or above). The study also indicated that repeated influenza vaccination does not increase the risk of adverse reactions.
The conclusion highlighted that although the influenza vaccination coverage rate among the elderly remains low, the rate of repeated vaccination has increased. It is recommended to enhance vaccination rates in the elderly population through policies such as free vaccination or reimbursement through health insurance, as well as by strengthening health education and promotional activities.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2364480
Content Editor: Xiaotong Yang
Page Editor: Ziqi Liu
